TODAYS PICK (23-07-2010)

Question history: None


Acidosis with normal anion gap is found in
a)Lactic acidosis
b)Methanol poisoning
c)Acute renal failure
d)Diarrhoea




Ans:d

Discussion:

Anion-Gap:

•  the difference between the total concentration of measured cations ,sodium and potassium and that of measured anions,chloride and bicarbonate is known as the anion gap.
• Normal anion gap is 15-20 meq/l

Acidosis with increased anion-gap:

this occurs when there is increased production of unmeasured anions,to compensate for the fall in bicarbonate ions in conditions like

1. Diabetic ketoacidosis
2. Lactic acidosis
3. Methanol poisoning
4. Salicylate poisoning
5. Acute and Chronic renal failure

Acidosis with normal anion gap:
a)this occurs when there is equivalent loss of Cation(Na+) and Anion(HCO3-)thereby the unmeasured anions remains same.this occurs in

1. diarrhoea 
2. intestinal fistula 
3. generalised renal tubular dysfunction

                                                                      (and)


b)when there is increased concentration of Cl- ions to compensate the loss of HCO3- ions .this occurs in conditions like

1. Ureterosigmoidoscopy
2. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
3. Renal tubular acidosis

                          
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